1.初二英语知识点归纳

初二英语知识点总结 1单元 snake robot 蛇形机器人space station 太空站 seem possible 看起来可能be able to (do) = can 能够 the World Cup 世界杯 2单元look for 寻找 keep out 不让……进入in the future 在未来，在将来 pay for 付款come true （梦想）成为现实 Teen Talk 青少年论坛go skating 去滑冰 in style 时髦的，流行的fall in love with… 爱上 out of style 过时的hundreds of 好几百，许许多多 all kinds of 各种，多种be free 免费 on the one hand （在）一方面in 100 years （用于将来时） 一百年后 on the other hand （在）另一方面be in high school 上中学 as…as possible 尽可能…地live alone 独自居住 =as…as sb cango swimming 去游泳 get on with… 与…相处，进展see sb do sth 看见某人做… have a hair cut 理发over and over again 一次又一次 part-time job 兼职工作get bored 厌烦 call sb up=ring sb up 打电话给……space rocket 太空火箭 on the phone 在通话electric toothbrush 电动牙刷 What's the matter (with)？ 怎么了？computer programmer 电脑程序员 What's wrong (with)？ 怎么了？live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 the same as… 与……同样的（书上重要表达） complain about 抱怨……will be… 将成为…… argue with… 与……争论study on computer 在电脑上学习 surprise sb 使…惊奇as a reporter 作为一名记者 borrow from… 向……借keep a pet 养一只宠物 lend to… 把…借给…during the week 在一周期间 find out 发现，找出wear a suit (uniform) 穿西装（制服） except me 除了我at the weekend 在周末 do wrong 做错事on vacation 在假期 under too much pressure 承受太多压力predict the future 预测未来 take part in 参加the head of a company 公司负责人 compare …with… 把…和…比较need to do sth 需要做某事 （书上重要表达）job interview 求职面视 enough money 足够的钱science fiction movie 科幻电影 write sb a letter 给某人写信just like… 就像…… a ball game 一场球赛help with +名词 帮助做某事 talk about… 谈论…话题make sb do sth 使某人做…… say sorry to… 向…说对不起It's easy for sb to do sth 做某事很简单 have a bake sale 卖烤点wake up 醒来 buy….for…. 为…买…get a tutor 请家教 get out of the shower 洗完澡be popular at school 在学校受欢迎 sleep late 睡懒觉everyone else 其他每个人 buy a souvenir 买纪念品invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 go into=enter 进入fail the test 考试不及格 call the police 报警return= give back 归还 at around ten o'clock 在十点左右have a fight with… 同…大吵、打架 shop assistant 售货员give some advice 提建议 the Museum of Flight 飞行博物馆busy enough 足够忙 take a photo 照相not…until 直到……才 walk around 四处走走nothing new 没什么新鲜的 police officer 警官seem to do sth 好象要做某事 a car accident 车祸push a lot more 逼得更紧 event in history 历史事件a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 in modern history 在现代史上know about… 知道，了解…… everyday activity 日常活动find it+形容词 to do sth 发现做某事很… at that time=then 在那时think for oneself 为自己考虑 ask sb to do sth 叫…做某事plan the life 计划生活 in silence=silently 沉默地learn to do sth=study to do 学习做某事 be born 出生a bit=a little 一点 have meaning to sb 对…有意义organized activity 有组织的活动 national hero 民族英雄by oneself 靠某人自己 after-school club 课外俱乐部 4单元 get over 克服、恢复3单元 sea level 海平面come in 进来 Chinese Young Pioneer 中国少年先锋队World Trade Center (WTC) 世界贸易中心 do well in=be good at 在…方面擅长as…as… 和……一样 pass on 传递take place=happen 发生 first of all 首先hear about 听说 report card 成绩单take off 起飞；脱下 in good health 身体健康get out 出去，离开 open up 打开barber shop 理发店 be supposed to 被期待，被要求run away 逃跑，跑掉 care for 照料，照顾in front of 在…前面 senior high school 高中in the front of 在…前部 the Ministry of Education 教育部walk down the street 沿着街走 be mad at=be angry at 对……很生气an unusual experience 一次不寻常经历 not…anymore 不再…Beijing International Airport 北京国际机场 end-of-year exam 期末考试in space 在太空中 have a favor 帮忙all over the world 全世界 get nervous 变得紧张train station 火车站 disappointing result 令人失望的结果（书上重要表达） copy one's homework 抄袭作业（书上重要表达） play party games 玩聚会游戏have a surprise party 举行惊喜派对 study for the test 为考试复习drinks and snacks 饮料和零食 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事the next day 第二天 ID card 身份证How is it going？ 一切还好吗？ travel around the world 环球旅游have a hard time with… 对…感到头痛 get an education 受教育have a big fight 大吵一架 might seem like 似乎好象……forget to do sth 忘记做…（没做） a dream job 理想的工作It's right for sb to do sth 做…是。

2.初中英语知识点总结

. 一般现在时的用法 1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every…， sometimes, at…， on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3） 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。

再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. （含义：她已不在人间。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life. （含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （ 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? 3. used to / be used to used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. （过去常常散步） be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。 He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.（现在习惯于散步） 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

4. 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。

Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。

What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。

c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 5. be going to / will 用于条件句时， be going to 表将来 will 表意愿 If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it a s soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 6. be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排） I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. （主观安排） 7. 一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。

这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3）在时间或条件句中。

When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4）在动词hope, take c。

3.八年级英语知识点总结

重点句型和短语 一、have fun doing sth. 【句型介绍】 意为\"做某事有乐趣\"，其中have fun 相当于enjoy oneself，表示过得愉快。

1. 英语中的集体名词，如family, class, team等作主语时，若作为一个整体看，其后的谓语动词用单数；若强调其组成成员，谓语动词用复数。如： My family is a happy one. 我家是个幸福的家庭。

My family are all watching TV. 我们全家人都在看电视。 2. 在比较级中，要注意than后面人称代词的格。

1）当句子中的谓语动词是不及物动词时，than后面的代词用主格还是宾格，在意思上通常没有区别。如： He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。

They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他们每天都比我们到校早。 2）当句中的谓语动词是及物动词时，than后面的人称代词用主格还是宾格在意思上就有差别了。

试比较： I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜欢你。 I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比，我更喜欢你。

3. 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，一般指一个还没有发生的动作。如： Do you have anything to say about this？ 有关这件事你有没有什么要说的？ 4. 在比较句型中，than后面的谓语动词常常省略。

也可以用相应的助动词来代替与前面相同的谓语动词，以避免重复。如： Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 汤姆功课比我好。

She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早饭吃得比我少。 5. You\'d better 。

是You had better 。 的缩写形式。

had better 为固定短语，意为\"最好。

\"，后接动词原形，常用来提出建议或劝告，其否定形式是\"had better not + 动词原形\"。如： You\'d better not stay there too long. 你最好别在那里呆得太久。

We had fun playing computer games. 我们玩电脑游戏很愉快。 【句式比较】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有乐趣 Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country？ 访问那个国家你们快乐吗？ 【特别提醒】 句中fun为不可数名词，表乐趣，前面不能加不定冠词。

二、But I don\'t know what to do. 【句型介绍】 疑问词 + 不定式可作主语、宾语或表语。 I don\'t know how to get her help. 我不知道怎样才能得到她的帮助。

Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪儿购买这种种子。 My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的问题是什么时候去东京。

【句式比较】 疑问词 + 不定式可转换成连词（原疑问词）引导的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。 I don\'t know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪儿能找到她。

How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎么去那里还是一个谜。 Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的问题是她怎样才能通过这次考试。

【特别提醒】 疑问词 + 不定式转换成宾语从句时应用陈述语序。 三、This is 。

speaking. 【句型介绍】 该句为打电话用语，用来进行自我介绍，This代表我，speaking可以省去。 Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 你好，我是汤姆。

【句式比较】 Who is that (speaking)？ 你是谁？that用来询问对方是谁，speaking可以省去。 Is that 。

(speaking)？ 你是。

吗？that也用来询问对方是谁， speaking也可以省去。 This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)？ 我是玛丽，你是谁？ Is that Jane (speaking)？ 你是詹妮吗？ 【特别提醒】 this不能换成I, that不能换成you。

四、hear sb. / sth. doing 【句型介绍】 意为\"听见某人 / 物正在做。

\"，句中doing为现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，强调一个过程。 Just then I heard someone crying \"Help! Help！\" 就在那时，我听见有人在喊\"救命啊！救命！\" 【句式比较】 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 听见某人 / 物做某事，句中do为不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表动作已经结束，强调一个结果。

I heard him sing three songs. 我听见他唱了三首歌。 hear sb. / sth. done听见某人 / 物被。

，done为动词的过去分词作宾语补足语，强调被动。

Do you often hear this song sung by him？ 你经常听见他唱这首歌吗？ 【特别提醒】 在这些句型中的hear可换成see, feel, watch等感官动词。 初二1-7单元重点短语 作者：王宣玲 一、名词短语 a waste of time 浪费（白费）时间 field trip 野外旅游 the day after tomorrow后天 Terra Cotta Warriors 兵马俑 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 on Mid-autumn Day / Festival 在中秋节 二、动词短语 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go on a picnic 去野餐 trip over （被。

）绊倒 hurry up 赶快 get home 回家 get together 相聚 agree with 。

同意。

意见（想法）；符合 ask for 请求；询问 come up 走近；发生；上来；流行 come over 过来；抓住 三、介、副词短语 in the open air 在户外；在野外 on time 准时 at the front / back of 在前 / 后面 in front of 在。

前面 in the country 在乡下 in town 在城里 on the left /right side 在左 / 右边 up and down 上上下下；来来回回 四、其它短语 （not） 。 any more再也不；不能再。

all the same 仍然； 还是 had better (do) 。

4.【初二的英语知识点】

初二英语知识点复习（总结版）1.take ： 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with you bring： 带来bring sth for a picnicIt's going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.You'd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2.keep + 名词 + 形容词Keep the windows open, it's hot here.keep sb doing sthI'm sorry I've kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?3.let / make / have sb do sth让（使）某人干某事Let's go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4.forget to do sth忘记去做某事 remember to do sth记得去做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember doing sth记得做过某事5.stop to do sth停下来做另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事Let's stop to have a test, it's too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.begin / startto do sth 6.tell / ask sb to do sth否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.Our P.E. teacher told us a storyyesterday.7.see / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed by.8.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.9.be busy with sth;be busy doing sthThey are all busy with their work.10.finish doing sth.Tom didn't go to bed until he finished writing the composition.11.wantsth/to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing sth.He didn't feel like eating anything.12.had better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYou'd better not sing here, the baby is asleep.13.Why not do sth ?=why don't you do sth ?=Why didn't you do sth ?Why not come with me?14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----?How about playing basketball with us?15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth.Thanks for your help.------------It's a pleasure.Thanks very much for helping me.16.instead往往放在句首或句尾instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中间He didn't go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..17.put on 强调动作wear 强调状态in 介词，构成一个短词Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we'll do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句， 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时.We'll go hiking if it doesn't rain tomorrow.it doesn't rain=it isn't rainyI'll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型I won't go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引导的时间状语从句， 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时，表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作：They were having supper when I got to their home.20.It's time for sth /It's time to do sth /It's time for sb to do sth.It's time for us to start our lesson now.21.It takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do something.It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.22.it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式：It's necessary to learn English well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.23.too ----to 句型，too ---- for sb todo sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能-----The apples on thetreeare too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.24.enough 用法：形前名后， big enough;enough food----- enough to do sth足够-------能够-------Jim is old enough to go to school. 25.little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ；much 修饰不可数few a few 修饰可数名词；many 修饰可数a littlea few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词；Thereis a little time left, take it easy.We'd better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.Mr. Little doesn't have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）26.much too 中心词是too， 常修饰形容词， It's much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much， 常修饰不可数名词， There's too much water,please be careful..27.有关情态动词的问答：May I ------?No, you can't.No, you mustn't.Must I /we-----?No, you needn't. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old？要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强。

5.初二英语知识点归纳

初二英语知识点总结 1单元 snake robot 蛇形机器人space station 太空站 seem possible 看起来可能be able to (do) = can 能够 the World Cup 世界杯 2单元look for 寻找 keep out 不让……进入in the future 在未来，在将来 pay for 付款come true （梦想）成为现实 Teen Talk 青少年论坛go skating 去滑冰 in style 时髦的，流行的fall in love with… 爱上 out of style 过时的hundreds of 好几百，许许多多 all kinds of 各种，多种be free 免费 on the one hand （在）一方面in 100 years （用于将来时） 一百年后 on the other hand （在）另一方面be in high school 上中学 as…as possible 尽可能…地live alone 独自居住 =as…as sb cango swimming 去游泳 get on with… 与…相处，进展see sb do sth 看见某人做… have a hair cut 理发over and over again 一次又一次 part-time job 兼职工作get bored 厌烦 call sb up=ring sb up 打电话给……space rocket 太空火箭 on the phone 在通话electric toothbrush 电动牙刷 What's the matter (with)？ 怎么了？computer programmer 电脑程序员 What's wrong (with)？ 怎么了？live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 the same as… 与……同样的（书上重要表达） complain about 抱怨……will be… 将成为…… argue with… 与……争论study on computer 在电脑上学习 surprise sb 使…惊奇as a reporter 作为一名记者 borrow from… 向……借keep a pet 养一只宠物 lend to… 把…借给…during the week 在一周期间 find out 发现，找出wear a suit (uniform) 穿西装（制服） except me 除了我at the weekend 在周末 do wrong 做错事on vacation 在假期 under too much pressure 承受太多压力predict the future 预测未来 take part in 参加the head of a company 公司负责人 compare …with… 把…和…比较need to do sth 需要做某事 （书上重要表达）job interview 求职面视 enough money 足够的钱science fiction movie 科幻电影 write sb a letter 给某人写信just like… 就像…… a ball game 一场球赛help with +名词 帮助做某事 talk about… 谈论…话题make sb do sth 使某人做…… say sorry to… 向…说对不起It's easy for sb to do sth 做某事很简单 have a bake sale 卖烤点wake up 醒来 buy….for…. 为…买…get a tutor 请家教 get out of the shower 洗完澡be popular at school 在学校受欢迎 sleep late 睡懒觉everyone else 其他每个人 buy a souvenir 买纪念品invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 go into=enter 进入fail the test 考试不及格 call the police 报警return= give back 归还 at around ten o'clock 在十点左右have a fight with… 同…大吵、打架 shop assistant 售货员give some advice 提建议 the Museum of Flight 飞行博物馆busy enough 足够忙 take a photo 照相not…until 直到……才 walk around 四处走走nothing new 没什么新鲜的 police officer 警官seem to do sth 好象要做某事 a car accident 车祸push a lot more 逼得更紧 event in history 历史事件a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 in modern history 在现代史上know about… 知道，了解…… everyday activity 日常活动find it+形容词 to do sth 发现做某事很… at that time=then 在那时think for oneself 为自己考虑 ask sb to do sth 叫…做某事plan the life 计划生活 in silence=silently 沉默地learn to do sth=study to do 学习做某事 be born 出生a bit=a little 一点 have meaning to sb 对…有意义organized activity 有组织的活动 national hero 民族英雄by oneself 靠某人自己 after-school club 课外俱乐部 4单元 get over 克服、恢复3单元 sea level 海平面come in 进来 Chinese Young Pioneer 中国少年先锋队World Trade Center (WTC) 世界贸易中心 do well in=be good at 在…方面擅长as…as… 和……一样 pass on 传递take place=happen 发生 first of all 首先hear about 听说 report card 成绩单take off 起飞；脱下 in good health 身体健康get out 出去，离开 open up 打开barber shop 理发店 be supposed to 被期待，被要求run away 逃跑，跑掉 care for 照料，照顾in front of 在…前面 senior high school 高中in the front of 在…前部 the Ministry of Education 教育部walk down the street 沿着街走 be mad at=be angry at 对……很生气an unusual experience 一次不寻常经历 not…anymore 不再…Beijing International Airport 北京国际机场 end-of-year exam 期末考试in space 在太空中 have a favor 帮忙all over the world 全世界 get nervous 变得紧张train station 火车站 disappointing result 令人失望的结果（书上重要表达） copy one's homework 抄袭作业（书上重要表达） play party games 玩聚会游戏have a surprise party 举行惊喜派对 study for the test 为考试复习drinks and snacks 饮料和零食 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事the next day 第二天 ID card 身份证How is it going？ 一切还好吗？ travel around the world 环球旅游have a hard time with… 对…感到头痛 get an education 受教育have a big fight 大吵一架 might seem like 似乎好象……forget to do sth 忘记做…（没做） a dream job 理想的工作It's right for sb to do sth 做…是正确的 all over the world 全世界st。

6.初二英语语法知识重点总结

初二英语语法知识重点总结一、知识强化1.掌握本单元的重点词汇及句型。

2.谈论最好做某事和正确做某事，培养提高自己的交际能力。3.正确使用should和ought to。

二、重难点知识讲解1.First, we decided to elect the chief editor. 首先我们决定选出主编。decide 动词，意为“决定”，常用结构：decide (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事decide on doing sth 决定做某事decide + 疑问代词/副词+不定式 决定……decide+从句 决定……e.g.I decided to go to Beijing on Monday.我决定星期一去北京。

He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已决定下周去旅行。He decided when to go to Beijing.他已经决定了什么时候去北京。

We decided that we didn't take part in the basketball match.我们决定不参加篮球比赛。2.We should choose Joyce because she has experience.我们应该选乔伊斯因为她很有经验。

（1）experience n. 经验；经历①经验（不可数名词）e.g.He is a math teacher with 5 years' experience.他是一名有五年工作经验的数学老师。②经历（可数名词）e.g.It was a strange experience.真是一次奇特的经历。

Please tell us your experiences in America.请你告诉我们你在美洲的经历。（2）experience v. 体验；经历e.g.Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.我国在过去三十年经历了巨大变化。

3.Then we all voted for her. 然后我们都投票赞成（选乔伊斯为主编）。vote for sb. 意为“投票赞成某人”。

e.g.I shall vote for Ben because he has experience.我将投票选本因为他有经验。Vote for Johnson—the people's friend！请投约翰逊一票——他是人民的支持者。

vote against 意为“投票反对”。e.g.People vote against Henry.人们投票反对亨利。

4.Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. 于是，乔伊斯主持会议。take charge of意为“主管，主持；负责”。

e.g.Who will take charge of the meeting？谁将主持这次会议？She took charge of the family business after her father died.父亲去世后，家务事全由她负责。The department was badly organized until she took charge(of it).这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。

5.Then the others voted for me. 于是其他人投票选我。句中的the others指参加会议的除我以外的所有人即：Lucy, Joyce, Tony和Jessica。

辨析：other, the other, the others与another(1)other表示“其他的”，表示泛指，没有特定的范围。e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷锋总是帮助别人。

（指其他的任何人）（2）the other意为“另一个”，一般用于两者之间。其句型为：one…the other…一个……另一个……e.g.The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有两个儿子，一个是士兵，另一个是工人。

注意：the other和other后均可加名词，但意思有所不同，“the other+名词”表示一定范围内除一部分外其余的全部，而“other+名词”表示除去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。（3）the others 特指一定范围内的其余的全部人或事物。

e.g.I have three pencils. One is long, and the others are short.我有三支铅笔，一支是长的，另外（两个）是短的。（代词）（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一个，意为“再一；又一”。

e.g.Would you like another cup of tea？你还要一杯茶吗？6.You will be responsible for different sections of the paper.你们将负责报纸的不同部分。be responsible for意为“对……负责”。

e.g.Who is responsible for breaking the mirror？镜子是谁打破的？The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负责。7.Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it？读者应免费阅读还是花钱购买呢？辨析：pay, spend, cost与take四个单词都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

（1）pay的基本用法是：①pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买某物。e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们20英镑的房租。

②pay for sth. 付某物的钱e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不赔偿丢失的书款。③pay for sb. 替某人付钱e.g.Don't worry! I'll pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。

（2）spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：①spend time/ money on sth. 在某物上花费时间/ 金钱。e.g.I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。

②spend time/ money(in)doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事。e.g.They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

（3）cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见的用法如下：①“sth. cost (sb.)+金钱”表示“某物花了（某人）多少钱”。e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

②“（doing）sth. cost(sb.)+时间”表示“（做某事）某物花了（某人）多少时间”e.g.Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的时间才记住了这些新单词。（4）take 常见的用法有以下几种：①“It takes/took sb.+时间+ to do sth. ”表示“。

7.求初二英语知识点提纲（人教版）

英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题。

一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。

注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思，英语却应该用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由"by"引出，而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。

还有些特殊现象，如：known to man（人类。

所知），on foot步行（美国人有时用by foot）,in carraige（乘四轮马车）等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等习惯用法。

有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢？ 首先要明确"将来进行无被动，现在完成进行 同"。

这两种时态无被动形式。 另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。

即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构）的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。

被动语态（一般现在时） 主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。 被动语态的口诀 一般现、过用be +PP（过去分词），be有人称、时、数变。

完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。

将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing， 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。 现、过进行be doing， 被动be加being done。

情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。

主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。 一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。

复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。

"情助"是指情态动词和助动词must,may,can,shall,will等一律随新主语（多是主动句中的宾语）来变化。"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话，应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。

下面详细举例说明之。 一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。

2、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。

被动： This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般过去时的被动态) 这篇讲演是王的发言。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。

A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。

John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。 Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. 火山被描述为活的，沉睡着的，或者死的。

The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 他被认为很聪明但不诚实。

（别人认为他很聪明但不诚实） The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 美国的第一个动物园是1874年建立的。 Families were often broken up; wives were taken away from their husbands and children from their parents. 家庭被拆散，妻儿被夺走。

The information is urgently needed. 急需这个资料。 Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them were not taken in the past. 多数环境污染问题的存在，是因为过去没有采取适当的保护措施。

完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 （过去完成时had done也包括在内）。

例：1、主动：We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school. 被动：English has been studied for 3 by us years off and on at the spare-time school. (have随新主语变为has) 我们已经在夜校里断断续续地学了三年英语了。 2、主动： They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year. 被动： 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year. 到去年年底我们已生产出一百台拖拉。

8.详细归纳英语初一初二重要知识点

短语、词组归纳 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。

复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1.look at … 看……， look like … 看上去像……， look after … 照料…… 2.listen to … 听…… 3.welcome to … 欢迎到…… 4.say hello to … 向……问好 5.speak to … 对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A.动词（vt.）+ 副词 1.put on 穿上 2.take off 脱下 3.write down 记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。

B.动词（vi.）+ 副词。 1.come on 赶快 2.get up 起床 3.go home 回家 4.come in 进来 5.sit down 坐下 6.stand up 起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。

三、其它类动词词组 1. close the door 2. 1ook the same 3. go to work / class 4. be ill 5. have a look / seat 6. have supper 7. 1ook young 8. go shopping 9.watch TV / games 10. play games [介词短语聚焦] “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将 Units l ~ 16 常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1.in + 语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。 2.in + Row / Team/ Class / Grade 等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。

3.in the morning / afternoon/ evening / 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4.in the desk / pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5.in the tree 表示“在树上 （非树本身所有）”；on the tree表示“在树上（为树本身所有）”。 6.in the wall 表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall 表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。

7.at work（在工作）/ at school（上学）/ at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无 the。 8.at + 时刻表示钟点。

9.like this / that 表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。 10.of 短语表示所属关系。

11.behind / beside / near / under + 名词等，表示方位、处所。 12.from 与 to 多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。

另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one's bike 等。

[重点句型大回放] 1.I think …意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用 I don't think …。

2.give sth. to sb. / give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词 give 之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用 give it / them to sb. 3.take sb. / sth. to … 意为“把……（送）带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。 4.One …， the other … / One is … and one is … 意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。

5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为 Don't let sb.,do sth.，或 Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let's 与 Let us 的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 6.help sb. (to) do sth. / help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换. 7.What about …？/ How about …？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about 为介词，其后须接名词、代词或 V-ing 等形式。

8.It's time to do … / It's time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中 to 后须接原形动词，for 后可接名词或 V-ing 形式。 9.like to do sth. / like doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”，前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作， 10.ask sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“让某人（不要）做某事”，其中 ask sb. 后应接动词不定式， 11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。

12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb. 则是“向某人作介绍”。 初一至初二英语知识点 语法点（二） [重点短语快速复习] 1. kinds of 各种各样的 2. either … or … 或者……或者……，不是……就是…… 3. neither … nor … 既不……也不…… 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶 5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因……而著名 8. on ones way to 在……途中 9. be sick / ill in hospital 生病住院 10. at the end of 在……的尽头，在……的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时 13. make one's way to … 往……（艰难地）走去 14. just then 正在那时 15. first of all 首先，第一 16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路 18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗 19. get on 上车 20. get off 下车 21. stand in line 站队 22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室 23. at the head of … 在……的前头 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 乱丢，抛散 26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one's temperature 给某人体温 31. have / get a pain in…某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛 33. as soon as … 一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop … from doing sth. 阻止……。

9.本人需要初二英语知识要点总结（详细一点的,最好是各位学哥学姐做

初二英语知识点复习（总结版）1.take ： 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with you bring： 带来bring sth for a picnicIt's going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.You'd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2.keep + 名词 + 形容词Keep the windows open, it's hot here.keep sb doing sthI'm sorry I've kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?3.let / make / have sb do sth让（使）某人干某事Let's go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4.forget to do sth忘记去做某事 remember to do sth记得去做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember doing sth记得做过某事5.stop to do sth停下来做另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事Let's stop to have a test, it's too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.begin / startto do sth 6.tell / ask sb to do sth否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.Our P.E. teacher told us a storyyesterday.7.see / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed by.8.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.9.be busy with sth;be busy doing sthThey are all busy with their work.10.finish doing sth.Tom didn't go to bed until he finished writing the composition.11.wantsth/to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing sth.He didn't feel like eating anything.12.had better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYou'd better not sing here, the baby is asleep.13.Why not do sth ?=why don't you do sth ?=Why didn't you do sth ?Why not come with me?14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----?How about playing basketball with us?15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth.Thanks for your help.------------It's a pleasure.Thanks very much for helping me.16.instead往往放在句首或句尾instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中间He didn't go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..17.put on 强调动作wear 强调状态in 介词，构成一个短词Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we'll do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句， 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时.We'll go hiking if it doesn't rain tomorrow.it doesn't rain=it isn't rainyI'll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型I won't go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引导的时间状语从句， 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时，表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作：They were having supper when I got to their home.20.It's time for sth /It's time to do sth /It's time for sb to do sth.It's time for us to start our lesson now.21.It takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do something.It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.22.it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式：It's necessary to learn English well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.23.too ----to 句型，too ---- for sb todo sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能-----The apples on thetreeare too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.24.enough 用法：形前名后， big enough;enough food----- enough to do sth足够-------能够-------Jim is old enough to go to school. 25.little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ；much 修饰不可数few a few 修饰可数名词；many 修饰可数a littlea few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词；Thereis a little time left, take it easy.We'd better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.Mr. Little doesn't have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）26.much too 中心词是too， 常修饰形容词， It's much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much， 常修饰不可数名词， There's too much water,please be careful..27.有关情态动词的问答：May I ------?No, you can't.No, you mustn't.Must I /we-----?No, you needn't. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old？要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强。