高三语法知识

bdqnwqk2年前基础14

1.高中英语所有知识点

高中英语知识点总结 一、语言知识(名词、冠词、数词、代词、动词、形容词、副词) 1、名词 .概念 名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称的词,有专有名词和普通名词之分,还有可数名词与不可数名词之分. .相关知识点精讲 .名词复数的规则变化 情况 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies 2、冠词 冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类. .相关知识点精讲 .a用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如:a book; an用于元音发音开头的词前,如:an apple, an hour. 请区别:a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。

.指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词the。 .在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the. 如:the sun, the moon, the earth。

.the用于序数词,表方位的名词和形容词最高级前。the first, the best , in the south。

.在复数姓氏前加the,表示**一家人,常看成复数。如:the Browns。

.在介词短语中常用定冠词the,如:in the box ,behind the chair。 .不能用定冠词the的几个方面: (1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。

如:in summer, in August 请区别:in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指,故加the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如:have breakfast ,play football 一些固定词组中,如:go to bed ,go to school, by bus ,at night. .在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别: in front of 在…前面, in the front of 在…范围内的前部 in hospital (生病)住院, in the hospital 在医院里。

3、数词 4、代词(人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词) 代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 人称代词 2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。

通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如: I like table tennis. (作主语) Do you know him?(作宾语) 3)人称代词还可作表语。

作表语时用宾格。如: ---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It's me. 物主代词 1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。

物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词,如下表所示。 2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。

例如: Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语) I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语) 指示代词 指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。

1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:This is a pen and that is a pencil. 反身代词 英语中用来表示"我自己","你自己","他自己","我们自己","你们自己" 等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。 反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。

1)作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人 或一些人。 He called himself a writer. 2)作表语。

The girl in the news is myself. 3)作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语) You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语) 不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表、宾语和定语。

1)some与any的区别 ①some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. . Some rice in the bag has been sold out. ②any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。

If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle. 2) few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 ①用作形容词: 含义 用法 表示肯定 表示否定 用于可数名词 a few虽少,但有几个 few不多,几乎没有 用于不可数名词 a little,虽少,但有一点 little不多,没有什么 I'm going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. He has few friends. 3)other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。 用 法 代名词 形容词 单数 复数 单数 复数 不定 another 另一个 others 别人,其他人 another (boy) 另一个(男孩) other (boys) 其他男孩 特定 the other 另一个 the others 其余那些人、物 the other (boy) 另一个男孩 the other (boys) 其余那些男孩 4)every与each的区别。

each every 1)可单独使用 1)不可单独使用 2)可做代名词、形容词 2)仅作形容词 3)着重“。

2.高中英语知识点总结

.able 用法:be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾的。

be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。2.abroad 用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。

Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。3.admit 用法:表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。

Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。4.advise 用法:advise sb. to do; advise doingNote: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

即:advise that sb. (should) do的形式。5.afford 用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。

Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。6.after 用法:表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。

Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点,而in接一个时间段,如:after 3 o'clock; in 3 days.7.agree 用法:与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说的话。

8.alive 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。Note: 可以作状语使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive.9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow sb. to doNote: 可以表示允许进入,如:Please allow me in.10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上的群体中。

Note: 还可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best.11.and 用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。

如:Work hard, and you'll succeed sooner or later.12.another 用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more的含义。Note: 不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks.13.answer 用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。

Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door.14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to doNote: be anxious about表示担心;be anxious for表示盼望得到。

15.appear 用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。Note: 还可以作为系动词,与seem同义,表示看起来……。

16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一个小地方;arrive in表示到一个大地方。Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion.17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask forNote: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

即:ask that sb. (should) do的形式。18.asleep 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。

Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。19.attend 用法:表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词;也可以表示照顾,照料。

Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch sb's attentionNote: 写通知时的常用语:May I have your attention, please?21.beat 用法:表示打败某人,或连续不断地击打某物。

Note: heartbeat表示心跳。22.because 用法:后面接原因状语从句,because of后面接名词。

Note: because表示直接原因,因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。23.become 用法:系动词,表示变得……。

可以由好变坏或由坏变好。Note: become of sb.表示某人发生了什么事情。

24.before 用法:before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年Note: It be + 段时间 before…在该句型中,主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。25.begin 用法:begin to do; begin doingNote: 当begin本身是进行时的时候,只能用begin to do的形式。

如:It was beginning to rain.26.believe 用法:believe sb.表示相信某人说的话;believe in sb.表示信任;6123结构。Note: 回答问句时通常用I believe so/not的形式。

27.besides 用法:表示除……之外还有,包含在一个整体之中。Note: 还可以用作副词,表示此外,要用逗号隔开。

28.beyond 用法:表示越过、在另一边,如:beyond the wood/bridge.Note: 可以用于引申含义,表示超出……,如:beyond control/power/description.29.bit 用法:与a little一样可以修饰不可数名词,形容词或副词。Note: 修饰名词时要用a bit of;not a bit表示一点也不。

30.blame 用法:take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.Note: 表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态,如:He is to blame.31.blow 用法:blow down/awayNote: 表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.32.boil 用法:boiling表示沸腾的;boiled表示煮过的。Note: boiling point可以表示沸点。

33.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。Note: 点动词,不能表示借的时间长短。

34.breath 用法:hold one's breath;out of breath; save one's breathNote: take a breath表示深吸一口气;take breath表示喘口气。35.burn 用法:burn down/up/one's handNote: burning表示点着的;burnt表示烧坏的。

36.business 用法:on business表示出差;in/out of business表示开/关张。Note: 表示商业时不可数,表示具体的行业时可数。

37.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.Note: 不能说My work is busy. 应说I am busy with my work.38.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for 。

3.高中英语所有知识点

浅淡多个形容词作定语时的排序问题多个形容词作定语时的词序排列问题是高中教学的难点,也是高考考查的热点,在2004、2005、2006年全国多套高考题中对于此点的考查总共出现了5次。

下面结合高考题来总结归纳排序问题的基本规律,并以巧记口诀来帮助突破此难点。 多个形容词作定语时的排序一般遵从如下规律: 如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后。

如: a small wonderful gift。 限定词+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形容词(large, long, high)+新旧(old)+颜色(red)+国籍(Chinese)+材料(wood)+用途(writing)+被修饰名词(desk) 记住以上规则是必要的,但还应多阅读、多体会,增强语感是关键。

例如: all these last few days最近的这些日子 some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花 a high red brick wall 一堵高高的红砖墙 a beautiful white Japanese military jeep一辆漂亮的白色的日本军用吉普车 其中限定词的排列顺序为: all / both / half / double / 倍数词 / 分数词+冠词 /指示代词 / 物主代词 / 名词所有格/ some / any / no / every / each+基数词 /序数词 / little / few / last / next / other / another / more,形容词的排列顺序为:大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途、类别等。如: 尽管以上给出了排序的基本规律,但由于所涉及的词太多,想要记清楚确实有难度。

下面依此列一个表格,以加深印象:为了便于同学们记忆,下面给出四句口诀辅助记忆: 前中序基和其它,性状质形长短和大小,新旧冷暖颜色和材料,还有动名加名莫忘了。 第一句主要用于解决排在最前面的多个限定词之间的顺序,它可对应于all(千位)these(中位)last(序数词)few(数量词)days短语中。

口诀中后三句可对应于一句话“This is a charming small round old yellow French wood reading room.”其中多个形容词之间的先后顺序基本上可以在这一句话中得以体现,而且汉语歌诀的形式将使记忆更形象、更深刻。利用以上歌诀时最好是“抓两头”,即牢记排在最前边的限定词及排在最后边的形容词,如国籍、材料、用途等,则能轻松突破此难点。

考例分析: 1. The husband gave his wife_____ in order to please her. (2004 重庆 33题) A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income 分析: 此题答案为A。根据排列顺序“前中序基和其它”可确定答案。

all half 都是前位限定词,his 是中位限定词,所以his 应放在all和half的后面。 2. The_____ house is as if it has not been lived in for years. (2004 江苏 32题) A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little 分析: 此题答案为A。

根据排列顺序“新旧冷暖颜色和材料”可确定答案。wooden作为材料词应放在后面。

3. This_____ girl is Linda's cousin. (2005北京) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish 分析: 此题答案为A。上述几个形容词可利用口诀中的中间两句:“性状质形长短和大小,新旧冷暖颜色和材料。”

来确定它们之间的先后顺序。 巩固练习 1._____ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004 浙江) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 2. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a_____ car. (2004 辽宁 22题) A. large Germen white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white 3. Tony is going camping with_____ boys. (93全国) A. little two other B. two little other C.two other little D. little other two 4. —How was your recent visit to Qindao? —It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the_____ days at the seaside. (95 全国) A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 5._____ lessons were not difficult. A. Our few first short English B. Our first few short English C. Our few first English short D. Few our first English short 6. —Let me help you, Tom. —Thank you, I can do it. Here is_____ to hold all these things . A. a big enough case B. an enough big case C. a case enough big D. a case big enough 7. Mr Smith bought a_____ purse for his wife. A. small black leather B. black leather small C. small leather black D. black small leather 8. Excuse me. Can I borrow your_____ pencil box? A. blue cheap plastic B. cheap blue plastic C. plastic blue cheap D. plastic cheap blue 9._____ flowers are used for decorations in the house. A. These all beautiful red small B. All these beautiful small red C. These all red small beautiful D. All these small red beautiful 10. In the dirty street, there are many_____plastics. A. white small flyingB. flying small white C. small white flyingD. flying small white Keys: 1. 。

4.高中英语的主要语法知识点有哪些

楼主,您好高中英语有十五个语法点一:名词和冠词,考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词。

二:代词和it的用法,一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,neither,all,every,each,none的区别,还有something,anything,everything的用法(这个比较简单)这一块最难的应该是it,that,one作代词时的区别了三:介词和连词,一般考动词的固定搭配,in,at,for,to,of,on,with,about,from,into,after···常用介词。连词最常考得应该是“除此之外”了,expect,expect for,besides,还有表原因的连词;as,for,since,because的区别四:形容词和副词,这一块比较简单最常考的就是比较级了,其次是以ly结尾但不是副词的词了,比如说friendly是形容词,形容词的排序问题在今年的高考中也出现了,不过这个是基础但不是重点五:动词和动词短语,这个考点是重点,在完形填空及改错和单选中是必考的,这个只能靠你自己的积累,课本中的动词短语是重点,必须记下来六:情态动词和虚拟语气,常见的情态动词就够应付考试了,虚拟语气是高中语法的难点但不是重点七:动词的时态和语态(就是主动句和被动句)时态有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在进行表将来,一般现在表将来,过去将来时(一般不考),现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时(现在很常考)。

八:非谓语动词,动名词作主语,不定式作主语,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语,动名词作定语,不定式做定语,这一块也比较简单九:数词和主谓一致,数词的考点;基数词,序数词,分数,百分数,(这一块既不是难点也不是重点),主谓一致在以前比较重要,现在地位有所下降十:简单句和并列句,这一块很简单十一:定语从句,这可是重点,不过只要上课认真听,这一块其实不难理解十二:名词性从句,常和定语从句进行比较区别,尤其是what和that的区别十三:状语从句,时间地点状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,方式状语从句,目的状语从句,有一个问题可以总结以上三个从句十四:省略,倒装和强调。比较常考的是,部分倒装和全部不倒装,这一块就这一个重点十五:交际英语,也就是口语,这一部分现在很火,每年必考,这个只有靠自己总结。

以上就是十五道选择题的来源,当然,不是哪个都会考得,你只要学会以上十五个考点,在高考时绝对没问题谢谢采纳。

5.高中英语语法口诀

提供一些高中阶段的英语语法知识给你吧,以供参考,希望对你的英语学习有所帮助~~ 高中阶段的语法知识在现行的教材中分布得较分散、零碎,学生学起来颇感吃力,难以记牢。

一般说来,学习语法知识的途径很多,但教学中常用的主要有如下二种:一是通过教师的讲解,对所学语法规则的概念、结构,用法有个确切的了解;二是通过大量的练习,在英语实践中正确、熟练地掌握语法规则的用法。仔细惦量这两种方法,其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西,即是“记忆”。

记忆的方式、方法很多,诸如分类记忆法,直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法,特征记忆法等等。主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述。

一、词法 (1)巧记名词变复数的规则: 单数变为复数式,一般词尾加-s; 下列句词词尾后,要加-s先加-e。 发音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z],或是某些辅音加-o时。

有些名词变复数,词尾变化要注意。 y前字母是辅音,一律变y为-ies. 遇到f和fe,有时需要变-ves. 少数名词不规则,特殊情况要强记。

说明: 1.名词变复数形式,一般在词尾加-s. eg bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens, 。. 2.词尾发音为[f , t s, z]的名词(即以字母sh, ch, s, x结尾者)在变复数时,要在词尾加-es,eg watch-watches, box-boxes, bus-buses,etc) 3.若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母,变为复数时,有些加-es,eg hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, patato-patatoes, tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆:Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。

简为二人吃二菜。) 但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s,eg photo – photoes, piano –pianos等。

4.若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时,变为复数,首先把y变为i,再加-es, eg family – families, city- cities, baby – babies等,但若词尾y前为元音字母时,则可直接加-s, eg day-days, boy-boys等。 5.以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时,首先将f和fe变为v, 再加-es,我们也可用一句话来记,“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威胁书架(shelf)上的半片(half)叶子(leaf)的生命(life)。

另外记住一些常见特殊词,eg roof—roofs. 6. 有些名词的复数变化是不规则的,eg man-men, woman-women, child-children, chinese- chinese, sheep-sheep等,平时多留心,稍微加以归纳,是不难发现其的特征的。 (2)定冠词 冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性,近五年复出率高达83.3%。

因而掌握冠词,尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要。 请看下面的顺口溜,它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法: 特指、重提和唯一,岛屿,海峡和海湾; 海洋,党派最高级,沙漠,河流与群山; 方位、顺序和乐器,年代,团体与机关; 船名,建筑和组织,会议,条约与报刊; 姓氏复数,国全名,请你记住用定冠。

下面让我们再来“验证”这顺口溜吧。请仔细观察下面各句中定冠词的用法,不难发现它的“功效”与“真伪”了。

1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia. 2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 800 3. The sun gives us heat and light. 4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all. 5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921. 6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being 7. She's on the People's Daily. 8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed. 9. Who was the first to come 10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room. 11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990's 12. In 1864, Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time. (3)非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括动词不定式,动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点,其考查量多、面广,几乎是必考的一个知识点。

近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题,其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。

学生对此知识也“知之半解”,深感头疼。请看下面的方法,将有助于记住不定式及动名词。

1、动词的不定式 ①不定式有标记,to与动词连一起。 ②没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语,唯独作谓不可以。 ④not 加上不定式,否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义。 ⑥仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据。

解析:①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式,即不定式的标记。 ②它没有人称和数的变化,不管主语是任何人称,单数还是复数,动词不定式都没有变化。

但它仍保留动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语。 ③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点,所以,它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。

④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式,不要受其他否定式的影响,要记住规律。 ⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语,宾语、表语、状语。

⑥通过以上分析,只要仔细研究,把不定式的功能用法搞清楚,在应用时就能作出准确的判断。 2、动名词: 哪些动词后面只能接动名词,下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。

喜欢、考虑不。

6.高中语法总结

we were more time ,……….. Being ill, he didn't go to school. = as he is ill ,he didn't …….. Not knowing what to do, went to ask marl. Not having received her lessons well, she failed in the exam. Having finished her work, she went home. Getting up early, you'll catch the bus. =if you get earlier ,……..considering 就…而言 考虑到,各方面考虑起来 She seems very bright, considering. Considering the distance, he arrived quickly. The hall is still in good condition, considering that it was built almost 1000 years ago. 注:1) Generally speaking, he is a good person. Judging from his skin, he is an African. He left home, determined not to set his foot in his home. 但是 to tell the truth ,……. To be honest ……… regarding = about 关于…的问题 He spoke to me regarding his failure . I must speak to you regarding this matter. 2) 分词做状语,分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。

While visiting a city, a guidebook is very useful. While reading the letter, tears come to her eyes. (错误) 当分词做状语,分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时, 分词可以在自己的前 面加上自己的逻辑主语,这样后构成的短语叫独立主格结构,一般用逗号与主句分开。It being Sunday .I don't have to go to work.He being a party member, his deeds are expected by all.Our work having been finished, we went home.They're being no buses, we went home.Weather permitting; we'll start on Saturday.Mr. smith is shy and doesn't speak until spoken to. 4. 做宾语补足语。

see , watch , hear , notice , feel , find , get , have , leave , keep +n./+分词 I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.When he woke up , he found himself lying on the ground .Don't have the medicine working all the time.I won't have you talking to your mother like this .否定表示不允许,不容忍。* get sb. /sth . doing 使。

重新开始 get the clock going get the car going 跑/ start 启动 It's not hard to get the children speaking, but it's hard to stop them.I often hear the song sung in English.he spoke loudly in order to make himself heard clearly .I saw the boy beaten by tom.The teacher found jack seated / sitting in the room.The boy was last seen playing in the river. 注: dress ---- be dressed seat ------be seated fix ---one's eye be fixed on We found her dressed in red today. The thief was caught stealing Dressed in red, she went out. We found him hidden behind the door. We sat there silent, her eyes fixed on that army camp. I didn't hear a single word in his talk referring to your absence from the meeting. Do you know the man referred to at the meeting? He walked along the river, his hands folded across his shoulder.Feel one's heart beating fast. /his face exposed.Compared with tom, he is an honest man.Comparing what he had with tom, he is satisfied. The Gerund 动名词 —。

构成。语态/形式 一般式 完成式 复合结构 主动 Doing Having done One's doing 被动 Being done Having been done 否定形式一律在其前加not II .用途: 定语,宾语,主语,表语 做主语:动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。

Smoking does harm to your health.Tom's coming made us happy.Her not coming back made her father angry.His being punished by the teacher is known to us.Looking after children is her job.Seeing is believing (前后对应)眼见为实。Teaching is learning 教学相长。

My falling ill worried him greatly. 注意下列结构: It is no use / good / useful doing It is no good quarrelling with them.It is no use regretting what you have done. 2. 定语 动名词做定语表示用途。(即 ving 做定语有两个意思 1)表动作在进行 2)表用途) a walking stick / a changing room 更衣室/ a hiding place / an operating table a collecting tin / a weight machine / building material / drinking water / swimming pool a washing machine / a sleeping car / a smoking room / sowing machine 播种机 booking office 售票处 / training class 训练班 /translating machine 翻译机 3.作表语,可以与主语互相转换。

His worst habit is eating too fast. Our job is playing all kinds of instruments. Their job is making model planes. The real problem is getting all the materials ready before the end of the month. The problem is his son's having taken the other's money. 4. 做宾语。 动名词既可以做动词宾语,也可以作介词宾语。

He has finished reading the book. We could hear the noise of the desk's being opened. and closed. He came to attend the concert without being invited. He suggested the text's being translated into Chinese. You should practise listening to English. She looked forward to receiving her mother's letter. 注意:1)有些动词或动词短语后面, 必须用动名词做宾语,而不用不定式。 enjoy , finish , mind , risk , avoid , forbid , excuse , practise ,。

7.高中英语语法知识点总结

一、非谓语动词 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。

它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。

这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。

还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。

这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受)。

为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can't stand。

二、复合句 1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句) B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句) 关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位。

因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。 2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。

例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day. B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much. D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home. 三、It的用法 1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。

例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days. 然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。

例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk. B、It is a waste of time waiting for him. 2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make)。

例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. B、I think it no use arguing with him. 3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、状语),可以把it当作先行词。

这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语) B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语) C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上) 但要注意与定语从句的区别。

例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句) 在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整。如例句C。

而例句D就不能。四、倒装结构 学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。

如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明: A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装) B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装) C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装) D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装) E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装) F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装) G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装) H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装) I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)五、虚拟语气 虚拟语气也是一个难点。

所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下。

高三语法知识

标签: 语法知识